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Saturday, January 9, 2010

The Muslim Brotherhood

The Muslim Brotherhood

The Nazis

The Occult History of the Third Reich

The plan for WWII, in accord with that devised by Albert Pike, and summarized by William Guy Carr, “was to be fomented by using the differences between Fascists and Political Zionists. This was to be fought so that Nazism would be destroyed and the power of Political Zionism increased so that the sovereign state of Israel could be established in Palestine.”[1] The harsh terms imposed by the agents of the Illuminati at the Treaty of Versailles that ruined Germany financially were to set the stage for World War II. Sure enough, in 1939 the Second World War started.

It was Montagu Norman, as Chairman of the Bank of England, who, from 1933 through 1939, met repeatedly with Hjalmar Schacht, Reich Minister of Economics, and a member of the Rhodes Round Table, to plan the overall budget of the Nazi regime with British credit, and guided the strategies of Hitler’s primary supporters, the Rockefellers, Warburgs, and Harrimans.

While Hitler cynically denounced the company as an “international Jewish organization,” Schacht nevertheless awarded huge contracts to produce munitions and chemicals for the German military buildup to IG Farben, the giant chemical firm, that ultimately produced the Zyklon B gas used in Nazi extermination camps. And, IG Farben and Rockefeller’s Standard Oil of New Jersey were effectively a single firm, having been merged in hundreds of cartel arrangements. It was led, up until 1937 by Rockefeller’s partners, the Frankist Warburgs.[2] After WW II began, Standard Oil pledged to keep the merger with I.G. Farben, even if the U.S. entered the war.

Montagu Norman

Montagu Norman

The Nazis, created by the Illuminati, at the core represented an occult society that grew out of the associations around Jamal ud Din al Afghani and his H.B. of L. The Nazi Party was the result of a merging of the O.T.O of Crowley and the Thule Gesselschaft of Germany. The chief architect of the Thule group was Baron Rudolf von Sebottendorff, who had contact with Dervish Orders, and knew much about Sufism.

The doctrines of the Thule order were founded on The Coming Race by the Bulwer-Lytton, and the theory of the Atlantean origins of the Aryans race developed by Blavatsky. In 1919, the members of the Thule Society formed a political party named the “Germany Workers Party”. This was in turn was later renamed the “National Socialist German Workers’ Party”, more popularly known as the Nazis, by Adolph Hitler in 1920, who became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 and dictator in 1934. Also a member of the Thule Society was black magician, Heinrich Himmler, leader of the SS, whose insignia was a Runic symbol, thought to represent the lost wisdom of their Aryan forefathers.

These two factions, that developed out of Afghani’s influence, the Nazis and the Salafi movement, would eventually would work together to revive the ancient mind-control tactics of the Ismailis, to form a body of agent-provocateurs, more commonly known as terrorists. The name of this organization is the Muslim Brotherhood. Ultimately, however, following the example set by Afghani and Abduh, the upper leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood would profess Islam only to deceive, while in actuality they were members of the Illuminati, through their adherence to the Ismaili brand of Islam. Thus, as Robert Dreyfuss described, in Hostage to Khomeini, a revealing look at the conspiracy to promote the Muslim Brotherhood:

The Muslim Brotherhood is a London creation, forged as the standard-bearer of an ancient, anti-religious (pagan) heresy that has plagued Islam since the establishment of the Islamic community (umma) by the Prophet Mohammed in the seventh century. Representing organized Islamic fundamentalism, the organization called the Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan al-Muslimum in Arabic) was officially founded in Egypt, in 1929, by the British agent Hasan al-Banna, a Sufi mystic. Today, the Muslim Brotherhood is the umbrella under which a host of fundamentalist Sufi, Sunni, and radical Shiite brotherhoods and societies flourish.[3]

Hasan al Banna

Hasan al Banna

The founder of the Muslim Brotherhood was a Freemason, Hassan al Banna, born in 1906, who developed from the influence of the three Salafi reformers, Afghani, Abduh and Rida. Banna’s father was as student of Abduh, and himself was greatly influenced by Rashid Rida. By age twenty-one, Banna was introduced to the leadership of Al-Manar, founded by Rida, and, beginning in the early 1920s, would often meet and discuss with Rida. Through Rida, Banna developed his opposition to Western influence in Egypt, in favor of “pure Islam”, meaning to the pernicious version of Wahhabism.

When Hitler came to power in the 1930’s, he and Nazi intelligence made contact with al Banna to see if they could work together.[4] Banna was also a devout admirer of Hitler. Banna’s letters to Hitler were so supportive that he and other members of the Brotherhood, were recruited by Nazi Military Intelligence to provide information on the British and work covertly to undermine British control in Egypt. Banna himself said that he had “considerable admiration for the Nazi Brownshirts” and organized his own forces along fascist lines.[5] Banna’s Brotherhood also collaborated with the overtly fascist “Young Egypt” movement, founded in October 1933, by lawyer Ahmed Hussein, and modeled directly on the Hitler party, complete with paramilitary Green Shirts, aping the Nazi Brown Shirts, Nazi salute and literal translations of Nazi slogans. Among its members, Young Egypt counted two later presidents, Gamal Nasser and Anwar Sadat.

Muslim Nazis

Hajj Amin al Husseini

Hajj Amin al Husseini

A key individual in the Islamo-fascist nexus, and go-between for the Nazis and Banna, became the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Hajj Amin al Husseini, later the mentor of Yasser Arafat, from 1946 onward. Hajj Amin al Husseini was convicted in absentia after fleeing to Syria for his involvement in the 1920 attack on Jews at the Western Wall. However, despite his involvement and conviction, he was pardoned by the local British High Commissioner Herbert Samuel, and made the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem in 1921.

Beginning in 1933, al Husseini regularly met with local Nazi representatives and openly expressed admiration for Hitler’s ideas. During these meetings, he served as a liaison for the Muslim Brotherhood to the Nazis. Between 1936-1939, Adolf Eichmann, oversaw funding from the SS to al Husseini and his associates, to aid their efforts in encouraging a revolt in the region.[6]However, in the late 1930’s, al Husseini openly called for direct aide from Germany to Arab forces, and had to flee to Syria. In April 1941, al Husseini assisted the pro-Nazi revolt in Iraq, and attempts by the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, or the Syrian Nazi Party, to support the revolt after the British moved to suppress it. Those involved included Saddam’s uncle Khairallah Tulfah, and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, who formed the Baath Parties of Syria and Iraq.[7]

Thus, the mufti was to flee once again, ultimately reaching Berlin, to a hero’s welcome. He remained in Germany as an honored guest and valuable intelligence asset throughout most of the war, met with Hitler on several occasions, and personally recruited leading members of the Bosnian-Muslim “Hanjar” division of the Waffen SS. One member was Alija Izetbegovic, who later lead Bosnia’s move for independence.[8]

al Husseini and Hitler

al Husseini and Hitler

In the summer of 1942, when German General Erwin Rommel’s Afrikakorps were poised to march into Cairo, Anwar Sadat, Gamal Nasser and their cronies were in touch with the attacking German force and, with help from the Muslim Brotherhood were preparing an anti-British uprising in Egypt’s capital.[9] A treaty with Germany had been drafted by Sadat, which included provisions for German recognition of an independent, but pro-Axis Egypt, and guarantying that “no British soldier would leave Cairo alive.” When Rommel’s push failed in the fall of 1942, Sadat and several of his co-conspirators were arrested by the British, and sat out much of the remainder of the war in jail.

After the defeat of Nazi Germany, al Husseini fled to Egypt. His arrival in 1946 was a precursor to a steady stream of Third Reich veterans. Cairo became a safe haven for several thousand Nazi fugitives, including former SS Captain Alois Brunner, Adolf Eichmann’s chief deputy. Convicted in absentia for war crimes, Brunner would later reside in Damascus, where he served as a security advisor for the Syrian government.

Several of the Germans, recognizing British puppet King Farouk’s political weakness, soon began conspiring with Nasser and his “Free Officers,” who, in turn, were working closely with the Muslim Brotherhood, to overthrow the king. When Banna was assassinated by Egyptian officials in 1949, the movement was destabilized, but not for long. On July 23, 1952, a coup d’etat was carried out by the Free Officers with Brotherhood assistance. Newsweek marveled that, “The most intriguing aspect [of] the revolt ... was the role played in the coup by the large group of German advisors serving with the Egyptian army... The young officers who did the actual planning consulted the German advisors as to ‘tactics’... This accounted for the smoothness of the operation.”[10]

The Odessa Network

Assisting the Egyptians in coordinating with the Nazis was the CIA, headed by Allen Dulles. A 33rd Degree Freemason and Knight Templar, Allen Dulles was also a founding member of the CFR, an in-law of the Rockefellers, Chairman of the Board of the Rockefeller Foundation, and Board Chairman of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Prior to working for the CIA, Dulles was as a director of the J. Henry Schroeder bank in London, a prime instrument employed by Montagu Norman in his support of Nazi of Germany. Allen’s brother John Foster Dulles can be credited for having created the Versailles Treaty’s harsh terms against Germany. And yet, it was the two of them who secretly went to Hitler to confirm that the Illuminati bankers would back his rise to power. As partners in the Sullivan and Cromwell firm, Allen and John Foster also represented I.G. Farben, the Rockefeller-Harriman-Warburg combination.[11]

Allen Dulles served with the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS), a Round Table creation that would eventually become the CIA, and of which he would become head. In 1938, US president Franklin Delano Roosevelt executed a secret agreement with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, which in effect ceded U.S. sovereignty to England, by agreeing to let the Special Operations Executive (SOE) control U.S. policies. To implement this agreement, Roosevelt sent General “Wild Bill” Donovan to London before setting up the OSS under the aegis of SOE-MI6. The entire OSS program, as well as the CIA, have since worked on guidelines set up by the Tavistock Institute.[12]

Allen Dulles

Allen Dulles

Miles Copeland, a former CIA operative specializing in the Middle East, revealed in his autobiography, The Game Player, that in 1951 and 1952 the CIA became interested in Nasser through a project known secretly as “The Search for a Moslem Billy Graham.” According to Copeland, who activated the project in 1953, the CIA needed a charismatic leader in order to divert the growing anti-American hostility that was dominant at the time. Copeland describes the first secret meeting he had with three army officers, including Major Abdel Moneim Ra’ouf, of Gamal Abdun Nasser’s inner circle.

Reinhard Gehlen

In March 1952, Kermit “Kim” Roosevelt, grandson of President Roosevelt, who headed the CIA Near East Operations, had begun a series of meetings with Nasser that led to the coup four months later. When Nasser wanted to overhaul Egypt’s secret service, he turned to the CIA. However, the U.S. government “found it highly impolitic to help [Nasser] directly,” Copeland recalled in his memoirs, so the CIA instead secretly bankrolled more than a hundred Nazi espionage and military experts to train Egyptian police and army units in the mid-1950s.[13]

Allen Dulles turned to Reinhard Gehlen, the most senior eastern front military intelligence officer, who, just before the end of WWII, had turned himself over to the U.S. In exchange for his extensive intelligence contacts in the USSR, Dulles and the OSS, reunited Gehlen with his Nazi associates, to establish “the Gehlen Organization”, which then functioned within the OSS, and later the CIA.[14]

Otto Skorzeny

Otto Skorzeny

Gehlen handpicked 350 former German army and SS officers who were released from internment camps. That number eventually grew into 4000 undercover agents, called V-men. The more notorious of these henchmen included Gestapo captain Klaus Barbie, otherwise known as the “Butcher of Lyon”, Alois Brunner, Adolf Eichmann’s right-hand man in orchestrating the Final Solution, and Emil Augsburg, who directed the Wansee Institute, where the Final Solution was formulated, and who served in a unit that specialized in the extermination of Jews. Another was the former Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller, Adolf Eichmann’s immediate superior, whose signature appears on orders written in 1943 for the deportation of 45,000 Jews to Auschwitz for killing.

By the early 1950s, Reinhard Gehlen was in charge of developing the new German intelligence service. To build Egypt’s spy and security forces, Gehlen hired the best man he knew for the job, former SS colonel Otto Skorzeny, who was described by the OSS, as “the most dangerous man in Europe”. It was Skorzeny who, at the end of the war, organized the infamous ODESSA network, the purpose of which was to establish and facilitate secret escape routes, called ratlines, out of Germany to South America and the Middle East for hunted members. With ties to Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and the Vatican, they operated out of Buenos Aires and helped Adolf Eichmann, Josef Mengele, Erich Priebke, Aribert Heim and many other war criminals find refuge in Latin America and the Middle East.

Licio Gelli

Licio Gelli

According to Nazi-hunter Serge Klarsfeld of Paris, it was the banking contacts of Francois Genoud that set in motion the ODESSA networks, which transferred millions of marks from Germany into Swiss banks.[15] According to European press accounts, Genoud was managing the hidden Swiss treasure of the Third Reich, most of which had been stolen from Jews.[16] Genoud later employed these funds to pick up the tab for the legal defense of Adolf Eichmann, Klaus Barbie, and Carlos the Jackal.

Genoud had traveled to Palestine on behalf of the Nazis, when Adolf Eichmann was providing financial assistance from the SS to al-Husseini, with whom he developed a lifelong a friendship. It is also likely that Genoud had some part al-Husseini’s escape from Europe, as he was a representative of the Swiss Red Cross at the end of the war.[17]

Bush Family Fortunes

Through the same ratlines, Dulles also orchestrated an opertion in Italy, known as “Stay-Behind”, to build a Europe wide secret network of anti-communist terrorists, who would fight behind the lines in the event of a Soviet invasion. The plan was later codified under the umbrella of the Clandestine Co-ordinating Committee of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), the military arm of NATO. US planners worried over the growing influence of Italy’s large and popular communist party, established Operation “Gladio” in 1956. The name derived from the short sword used by Roman. In addition to the CIA, Gladio was also operated by the secret Masonic lodge “Propaganda Due”, also known as P2, headed by Licio Gelli, known as the “Puppet-master”. During the war, Gelli had been a member of Mussolini’s notorious “Black shirts”, and later acted as liaison officer to the Hermann Goering SS division.[18]

George Herbert Walker and Prescott Bush

George Herbert Walker

George Herbert Walker and Prescott Bush

Prescott Bush

Also involved in the Nazi smuggling operations was George Herbert Walker, maternal grandfather of George H. W. Bush. Walker was president of Union Banking Corporation, a firm that traded with Germany, and helped German industrialists consolidate Hitler’s political power. Union Banking became a Nazi money-laundering machine. Walker helped take over North American operations of Hamburg-Amerika Line, a shipping line and cover for I. G. Farben’s Nazi espionage unit in the United States. Hamburg-Amerika smuggled in German agents, and brought in money for bribing American politicians to support Hitler. Also, a 1934 congressional investigation showed that Hamburg-Amerika was subsidizing Nazi propaganda efforts in the U.S.[19]

George H.W. Bush’s father, Prescott, was a board member of Union Banking, and a senior partner in a Union Banking affiliate, the investment firm Brown Brothers, Harriman. Both E.R. Harriman and Prescott Bush were members of Yale university’s Skull and Bones society, which was the dominant American chapter of the international Brotherhood of Death secret societies, that included Germany’s Thule Society, later the Nazis. The Bush family are descendants of several prominent English families, like the Pierces and the Groverners, who trace their descent to the originally Breton Fitzalan family, a younger branch of which went on to become the Stuarts of Scotland, and therefore to the "Fisher Kings" of Britanny.[16]

However, the U.S. government investigated both Bert Walker and Prescott Bush, and under the Trading with the Enemy Act, seized all shares of Union Banking, including shares held by Prescott Bush, because “huge sections of Prescott Bush’s empire had been operated on behalf of Nazi Germany and had greatly assisted the German war effort.”[21]

Joseph Mengele

Joseph Mengele

The German chemical company I.G. Farben also directly financed Joseph Mengele’s experiments at Auschwitz.[22] In 1940-41, I.G. Farben built a gigantic factory at Auschwitz in Poland, to utilize the Standard Oil-IG Farben patents with concentration camp slave labor to make gasoline from coal. The SS, who were paid by Standard Oil funds, guarded the Jewish and other inmates and selected for killing those who were unfit for I.G. Farben slave labor.[23]

Mengele was among the hundreds of high-ranking Nazis which the US intelligence and military services extricated from Germany, during and after the final stages of World War II, known as Operation Paperclilp. Of particular interest were scientists specialising in aerodynamics and rocketry, such as those involved in the V-1 and V-2 projects, chemical weapons, chemical reaction technology and medicine. However, Christopher Simpson shows how the CIA hired former Nazis “for their expertise in propaganda and psychological warfare,” and other purposes.[24]

Scientists of Operation Paperclip

Scientists of Operation Paperclip

According to the author of Mind Control The Ultimate Terror, it was through Mengele that the MK-Ultra and Monarch programs were developed. The project was begun in the 1950s, and coordinated by the British psychological warfare unit called the Tavistock Institute, with the Scottish Rite Freemasons, the CIA, and other British, American, Canadian, and UN agencies.[25] The Tavistock Institute, formed at Oxford University, London, by the RIIA in 1922, became the Psychiatric Division of the British Army during World War II.[26]

The plan was to employ the age-old indoctrination methods of the Ismaili Assassins, to continue to create mind-controlled agent-provocaeurs, more commonly known as “terrorists”. In 1952, Dulles founded Banque Commerciale Arabe in Lausanne, Switzerland, representing a pact between the CIA and the Muslim Brotherhood, which is comprised of Saudi royal family members.[27] The bank was co-founded by a longtime British intelligence agent, Benoist Mechin, a protégé of Jack Philby.[28] Dean Henderson, author of Geopolitics: The Global Economy of Big Oil, Weapons and Drugs, summarizes the nature of this relationship:

The Manchurian Candidate

Part of this Faustian bargain may have involved the House of Saud chieftains providing information to US intelligence on how to create mind-controlled assassins. The Muslim Brotherhood claims to have first perfected this technique during the 11th century Crusades when it launched a brutal parallel secret society known as the Assassins, who employed mind-controlled “lone gunmen” to carry out political assassinations of Muslim Saracen nationalists. The Assassins worked in concert with Knights Templar Christian invaders in their attacks on progressive Arabs, but were repelled.[29]

The ostensible reason for MK-Ultra, incepted by then director of the CIA, Dulles, in 1953, was to counteract the mind-control capabilities of the communists. This concern was largely based on the fact that U.S. prisoners captured during the Korean War were coerced into signing false confessions of crimes, and some had defected to North Korea, because of the effects of brainwashing. However, The Manchurian Candidate, a 1959 book, which was made into a movie in 1962, explains the true intended purpose. The film features a communist plot to use a U.S. soldier brainwashed in Manchuria to assassinate the leading U.S. presidential candidate. The CIA would employ the expertise of former Nazis in mind-control to program assassins for home-grown operations, but ultimately, members of Islamic fundamentalist groups to carry out acts of terrorism.

The Nasser Crackdown

Nasser and Krushchev

Nasser and Krushchev

With Skorzeny now on the job of assisting Nasser, Egypt became a safe haven for Nazi war criminals.[30] Ultimately, the Free Officers coup was the work of many foreign intelligence agencies, though especially the British, French and American, in collusion with the Muslim Brotherhood. However, tensions eventually grew between the Free Officers and the Brotherhood. Nasser emerged in 1954, naming himself prime minister, and when his government moved towards a confrontation with the British, the Brotherhood was directed to wage war against him. To that effect, the Brotherhood received assistance from Israeli intelligence, for which reason, among others, it was accused by Al Ahram, and other Egyptian press, as being the tool of imperialists “and the Zionists”.[31]

So when Nasser threatened to nationalize the Suez Canal, so important as a conduit for oil cargo to Europe and elsewhere, the Rothschilds employed their assassins from the Muslim Brotherhood against him. The Rothschilds had maintained an interest in the canal, ever since Baron Lionel de Rothschild financed his friend’s Bejamin Disraeli’s purchase of the canal for the British government in 1875.

When Brotherhood members fired shots at Egyptian leader Gamal Abdun Nasser in 1954, the group was forcibly suppressed by the government, with thousands of members being imprisoned. Six of its leaders were tried and executed for treason, and many others were imprisoned. Interrogations revealed that the Muslim Brotherhood functioned virtually as a German Intelligence unit. As well, as divulged by Copeland:

Nor was that all. Sound beatings of the Moslem Brotherhood organizers who had been arrested revealed that the organization had been thoroughly penetrated, at the top, by the British, American, French and Soviet intelligence services, any one of which could either make active use of it or blow it up, whichever best suited its purposes. Important lesson: fanaticism is no insurance against corruption; indeed, the two are highly compatible.[32]

The Suez Canal

The CIA also became concerned over his leanings towards the Soviet Union. Great Britain and the United States had originally agreed to help finance the first stage of the Nasser’s Aswan High Dam project. Although, in 1956, the U.S. secretary of state, John Foster Dulles, canceled the U.S. offer, and the next day Britain followed suit. Five days later, Nasser announced the nationalization of the Suez Canal, promising that the tolls Egypt collected would in five years pay for the dam.

In response to Nasser’s nationalization of the Canal, the United Kingdom and France, with the help of Israel, invaded the Sinai and much of Port Said, sending the Egyptian military into retreat. However, due to pressure from both the United States and the Soviet Union, the British and the French had to withdraw. Though Israel did achieve the cessation of Egyptian raids, Nasser was hailed as having achieved a victory for the Arab world.

Fleeing members of the Muslim Brotherhood were then shuttled to the CIA’s ally, Saudi Arabia. When John Loftus, a Justice Department official in the eighties, was permitted to peruse classified government documents, he revealed that the British Secret Service convinced American intelligence that the Arab Nazis of the Muslim Brotherhood would be indispensable as “freedom fighters” in preparation for the next major war, which was anticipated against the Soviet Union. Kim Philby, the Soviet agent who infiltrated the British Secret Service, and the son of “Abdullah” Philby, helped the US acquire these Arab Nazis, then being expelled from Egypt, who were afterwards sent to Saudi Arabia. There, according to Loftus, “they were given jobs as religion education instructors.”[33]

Said Ramadan

Said Ramadan

Sayyid Abu Ala Maududi

Sayyid Abu
Ala Maududi

Thus, beginning in the 1960s, the Salafi became more formally allied to the Wahhabis, who became the principal patrons of the Brotherhood, which set up branches in most Arab states. With the CIA’s tacit approval, the Saudis provided funds for Brotherhood members who joined the anti-Nasser insurgency in Yemen in 1962. “Like any other truly effective covert action, this one was strictly off the books,” wrote Robert Baer, a nineteen-year veteran of the CIA, in Sleeping with the Devil. “There was no CIA funding, no memorandum of notification to Congress. Not a penny came out of the Treasury to fund it. In other words, no record.” Describing the Brotherhood as a “silent ally” that provided a “cheap no-American casualties way” to do “our dirty work in Yemen, Afghanistan, and plenty of other places,” Baer explained, “All the White House had to do was give a wink and a nod to countries harboring the Muslim Brothers.”[34]

In 1962, with CIA encouragement, the Saudis established an organization called the Muslim World League.[35] Underwritten initially by several donors, including Aramco, then a CIA collaborator, the League established a powerful international presence, with representatives in 120 countries.[36] It was headed by then chief Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Mohammed ibn Ibrahim Al al-Sheikh, a lineal descendant of Mohammed ibn Abdul Wahhab, and the presidency remains vested in the Saudi Mufti to this day.

Included among its eight members were important representatives of the Salafi Muslim Brotherhood: Said Ramadan, son-in-law of Hasan al Banna, Maulana Abul Ala Maududi, leader of Brotherhood offshoot, the Jamati Islami of Pakistan, and Maulana Abul Hasan Nadvi, of India. “Moreover”, as Abul El Fadl describes,

...the proponents of Wahhabism refused to be labeled or categorized as the followers of any particular figure including ‘Abd al-Wahhab himself. Its proponents insisted that they were simply abiding by the dictates of al-salaf al-salih (the rightly-guided predecessors, namely the Prophet and his companions), and in doing so, Wahhabis were able to appropriate the symbolism and categories of Salafism.[37]

Nevertheless, as El Fadl mentions, “even with the formation of the Saudi state, Wahhabism remained a creed of limited influence until the mid-1970’s when the sharp rise in oil prices, together with aggressive Saudi proselytizing, dramatically contributed to its wide dissemination in the Muslim world.”[38] This opportunity presented itself in 1967, when Israeli forces routed a coalition of Arab states, including Saudi Arabia, in the Six Day War. Israel then seized control of Jerusalem, the West Bank of the Jordan River, the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights. In consequence, a summit of Arab leaders met, who resolved to employ their oil wealth to help confront Israel.

Footnotes:

[1] Pawns in the Game, p. XV.
[2] ibid.
[3] ibid, p. 100
[4] Loftus, John. "Al Qaeda Terrorists Nazi Connection".
[5] Erikson, Marc. “Islamism, fascism and terrorism” (Part 3). Asia Times, Dec 4, 2002.
[6] Brown, Christopher. Global Nazism and the Muslim Brotherhood: Indicators of Connections.
[7] ibid.
[8] Emory, Dave. Lecture: "Islamism, Fascism and the GOP".
[9] Erikson, Marc. “Islamism, fascism and terrorism” (Part 3).
[10] ibid.
[11] Chaitkin, Anton. “British Psychiatry: From Eugenics to Assassination”, EIR Magazine, October 7, 1994.
[12] Coleman, Dr. John. "Tavistock: The Best Kept Secret in America".
[13] quoted from Lee, Martin A. “The Swastika & the Crescent” Intelligence Report. Spring 2002, Issue 105.
[14] Erikson, Marc. “Islamism, fascism and terrorism” (Part 3). Asia Times.
[15 Preston, David Lee. “Hitler’s Swiss Connection”, Philadelphia Inquirer. Jan. 5, 1997
[16] Lee, Martin A. “The Swastika & the CrescentIntelligence Report. Spring 2002, Issue 105.
[17] Brown, Christopher. Global Nazism and the Muslim Brotherhood.
[18] David Guyatt, “Operation Gladio”.
[19] Binion, Carla." Nazis and Bush family history: Government investigated Bush family's financing of Hitler". Chaitkin, Anton. British Psychiatry: From Eugenics to Assassination. EIR Magazine, October 7, 1994.
[20] Robert Brian Stewart, “Harriet Eleanor Fay”; see also Brian Downing Quig, “Bush Family, American Royals!”.
[21] Binion, Carla." Nazis and Bush family history: Government investigated Bush family's financing of Hitler".
[22] "Never Again: 50 Years after the War Crimes Trials against IG FARBEN", Coalition Against Bayer Dangers.
[23] Chaitkin, Anton. “British Psychiatry: From Eugenics to Assassination”, EIR Magazine. October 7, 1994.
[24] Blowback, quoted from Binion, Carla. Nazis and Bush family history: Government investigated Bush family's financing of Hitler. December 21, 2000. Henderson, Dean. “The Shah of Iran and David Rockefeller”. Indymedia, 07 Feb 2004 19:01 GMT.
[25] Anton Chaitkin. “British Psychiatry: From Eugenics to Assassination”, EIR Magazine. October 7, 1994.
[26] "The Aquarian Conspiracy"; EIR, Dope Inc, Part IV.
[27] Dean Henderson. “The Shah of Iran and David Rockefeller”.
[28] Jeffrey Steinberg, "The unknown Hitler: Nazi roots in the occult".
[29] Henderson. “The Shah of Iran and David Rockefeller”.
[30] ibid.
[31] Dreyfuss, Hostage to Khomeini, p. 248.
[32] The Game of Nations, p. 184.
[33] Loftus, John, “The Muslim Brotherhood, Nazis and Al-Qaeda”. Jewish Community News, October 4, 2004.
[34] Lee, Martin A. “Not a prayer: then as now, American schemes to change Islam have been dangerous folly”. Harper’s Magazine, June 2004.
[35] ibid.
[36] Lee, Martin A. “The C.I.A. & The Muslim Brotherhood: How the CIA set the stage for the September 11 attacks”. Razor Magazine, September, 2004.
[37] The Place of Tolerance in Islam, p. 9-10.
[38] ibid. p. 9.

ersailles that ruined Germany financially were to set the stage for World War II. Sure enough, in 1939 the Second World War started.

It was Montagu Norman, as Chairman of the Bank of England, who, from 1933 through 1939, met repeatedly with Hjalmar Schacht, Reich Minister of Economics, and a member of the Rhodes Round Table, to plan the overall budget of the Nazi regime with British credit, and guided the strategies of Hitler’s primary supporters, the Rockefellers, Warburgs, and Harrimans.

While Hitler cynically denounced the company as an “international Jewish organization,” Schacht nevertheless awarded huge contracts to produce munitions and chemicals for the German military buildup to IG Farben, the giant chemical firm, that ultimately produced the Zyklon B gas used in Nazi extermination camps. And, IG Farben and Rockefeller’s Standard Oil of New Jersey were effectively a single firm, having been merged in hundreds of cartel arrangements. It was led, up until 1937 by Rockefeller’s partners, the Frankist Warburgs.[2] After WW II began, Standard Oil pledged to keep the merger with I.G. Farben, even if the U.S. entered the war.

Montagu Norman

Montagu Norman

The Nazis, created by the Illuminati, at the core represented an occult society that grew out of the associations around Jamal ud Din al Afghani and his H.B. of L. The Nazi Party was the result of a merging of the O.T.O of Crowley and the Thule Gesselschaft of Germany. The chief architect of the Thule group was Baron Rudolf von Sebottendorff, who had contact with Dervish Orders, and knew much about Sufism.

The doctrines of the Thule order were founded on The Coming Race by the Bulwer-Lytton, and the theory of the Atlantean origins of the Aryans race developed by Blavatsky. In 1919, the members of the Thule Society formed a political party named the “Germany Workers Party”. This was in turn was later renamed the “National Socialist German Workers’ Party”, more popularly known as the Nazis, by Adolph Hitler in 1920, who became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 and dictator in 1934. Also a member of the Thule Society was black magician, Heinrich Himmler, leader of the SS, whose insignia was a Runic symbol, thought to represent the lost wisdom of their Aryan forefathers.

These two factions, that developed out of Afghani’s influence, the Nazis and the Salafi movement, would eventually would work together to revive the ancient mind-control tactics of the Ismailis, to form a body of agent-provocateurs, more commonly known as terrorists. The name of this organization is the Muslim Brotherhood. Ultimately, however, following the example set by Afghani and Abduh, the upper leadership of the Muslim Brotherhood would profess Islam only to deceive, while in actuality they were members of the Illuminati, through their adherence to the Ismaili brand of Islam. Thus, as Robert Dreyfuss described, in Hostage to Khomeini, a revealing look at the conspiracy to promote the Muslim Brotherhood:

The Muslim Brotherhood is a London creation, forged as the standard-bearer of an ancient, anti-religious (pagan) heresy that has plagued Islam since the establishment of the Islamic community (umma) by the Prophet Mohammed in the seventh century. Representing organized Islamic fundamentalism, the organization called the Muslim Brotherhood (Ikhwan al-Muslimum in Arabic) was officially founded in Egypt, in 1929, by the British agent Hasan al-Banna, a Sufi mystic. Today, the Muslim Brotherhood is the umbrella under which a host of fundamentalist Sufi, Sunni, and radical Shiite brotherhoods and societies flourish.[3]

Hasan al Banna

Hasan al Banna

The founder of the Muslim Brotherhood was a Freemason, Hassan al Banna, born in 1906, who developed from the influence of the three Salafi reformers, Afghani, Abduh and Rida. Banna’s father was as student of Abduh, and himself was greatly influenced by Rashid Rida. By age twenty-one, Banna was introduced to the leadership of Al-Manar, founded by Rida, and, beginning in the early 1920s, would often meet and discuss with Rida. Through Rida, Banna developed his opposition to Western influence in Egypt, in favor of “pure Islam”, meaning to the pernicious version of Wahhabism.

When Hitler came to power in the 1930’s, he and Nazi intelligence made contact with al Banna to see if they could work together.[4] Banna was also a devout admirer of Hitler. Banna’s letters to Hitler were so supportive that he and other members of the Brotherhood, were recruited by Nazi Military Intelligence to provide information on the British and work covertly to undermine British control in Egypt. Banna himself said that he had “considerable admiration for the Nazi Brownshirts” and organized his own forces along fascist lines.[5] Banna’s Brotherhood also collaborated with the overtly fascist “Young Egypt” movement, founded in October 1933, by lawyer Ahmed Hussein, and modeled directly on the Hitler party, complete with paramilitary Green Shirts, aping the Nazi Brown Shirts, Nazi salute and literal translations of Nazi slogans. Among its members, Young Egypt counted two later presidents, Gamal Nasser and Anwar Sadat.

Muslim Nazis

Hajj Amin al Husseini

Hajj Amin al Husseini

A key individual in the Islamo-fascist nexus, and go-between for the Nazis and Banna, became the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Hajj Amin al Husseini, later the mentor of Yasser Arafat, from 1946 onward. Hajj Amin al Husseini was convicted in absentia after fleeing to Syria for his involvement in the 1920 attack on Jews at the Western Wall. However, despite his involvement and conviction, he was pardoned by the local British High Commissioner Herbert Samuel, and made the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem in 1921.

Beginning in 1933, al Husseini regularly met with local Nazi representatives and openly expressed admiration for Hitler’s ideas. During these meetings, he served as a liaison for the Muslim Brotherhood to the Nazis. Between 1936-1939, Adolf Eichmann, oversaw funding from the SS to al Husseini and his associates, to aid their efforts in encouraging a revolt in the region.[6]However, in the late 1930’s, al Husseini openly called for direct aide from Germany to Arab forces, and had to flee to Syria. In April 1941, al Husseini assisted the pro-Nazi revolt in Iraq, and attempts by the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, or the Syrian Nazi Party, to support the revolt after the British moved to suppress it. Those involved included Saddam’s uncle Khairallah Tulfah, and the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, who formed the Baath Parties of Syria and Iraq.[7]

Thus, the mufti was to flee once again, ultimately reaching Berlin, to a hero’s welcome. He remained in Germany as an honored guest and valuable intelligence asset throughout most of the war, met with Hitler on several occasions, and personally recruited leading members of the Bosnian-Muslim “Hanjar” division of the Waffen SS. One member was Alija Izetbegovic, who later lead Bosnia’s move for independence.[8]

al Husseini and Hitler

al Husseini and Hitler

In the summer of 1942, when German General Erwin Rommel’s Afrikakorps were poised to march into Cairo, Anwar Sadat, Gamal Nasser and their cronies were in touch with the attacking German force and, with help from the Muslim Brotherhood were preparing an anti-British uprising in Egypt’s capital.[9] A treaty with Germany had been drafted by Sadat, which included provisions for German recognition of an independent, but pro-Axis Egypt, and guarantying that “no British soldier would leave Cairo alive.” When Rommel’s push failed in the fall of 1942, Sadat and several of his co-conspirators were arrested by the British, and sat out much of the remainder of the war in jail.

After the defeat of Nazi Germany, al Husseini fled to Egypt. His arrival in 1946 was a precursor to a steady stream of Third Reich veterans. Cairo became a safe haven for several thousand Nazi fugitives, including former SS Captain Alois Brunner, Adolf Eichmann’s chief deputy. Convicted in absentia for war crimes, Brunner would later reside in Damascus, where he served as a security advisor for the Syrian government.

Several of the Germans, recognizing British puppet King Farouk’s political weakness, soon began conspiring with Nasser and his “Free Officers,” who, in turn, were working closely with the Muslim Brotherhood, to overthrow the king. When Banna was assassinated by Egyptian officials in 1949, the movement was destabilized, but not for long. On July 23, 1952, a coup d’etat was carried out by the Free Officers with Brotherhood assistance. Newsweek marveled that, “The most intriguing aspect [of] the revolt ... was the role played in the coup by the large group of German advisors serving with the Egyptian army... The young officers who did the actual planning consulted the German advisors as to ‘tactics’... This accounted for the smoothness of the operation.”[10]

The Odessa Network

Assisting the Egyptians in coordinating with the Nazis was the CIA, headed by Allen Dulles. A 33rd Degree Freemason and Knight Templar, Allen Dulles was also a founding member of the CFR, an in-law of the Rockefellers, Chairman of the Board of the Rockefeller Foundation, and Board Chairman of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. Prior to working for the CIA, Dulles was as a director of the J. Henry Schroeder bank in London, a prime instrument employed by Montagu Norman in his support of Nazi of Germany. Allen’s brother John Foster Dulles can be credited for having created the Versailles Treaty’s harsh terms against Germany. And yet, it was the two of them who secretly went to Hitler to confirm that the Illuminati bankers would back his rise to power. As partners in the Sullivan and Cromwell firm, Allen and John Foster also represented I.G. Farben, the Rockefeller-Harriman-Warburg combination.[11]

Allen Dulles served with the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS), a Round Table creation that would eventually become the CIA, and of which he would become head. In 1938, US president Franklin Delano Roosevelt executed a secret agreement with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, which in effect ceded U.S. sovereignty to England, by agreeing to let the Special Operations Executive (SOE) control U.S. policies. To implement this agreement, Roosevelt sent General “Wild Bill” Donovan to London before setting up the OSS under the aegis of SOE-MI6. The entire OSS program, as well as the CIA, have since worked on guidelines set up by the Tavistock Institute.[12]

Allen Dulles

Allen Dulles

Miles Copeland, a former CIA operative specializing in the Middle East, revealed in his autobiography, The Game Player, that in 1951 and 1952 the CIA became interested in Nasser through a project known secretly as “The Search for a Moslem Billy Graham.” According to Copeland, who activated the project in 1953, the CIA needed a charismatic leader in order to divert the growing anti-American hostility that was dominant at the time. Copeland describes the first secret meeting he had with three army officers, including Major Abdel Moneim Ra’ouf, of Gamal Abdun Nasser’s inner circle.

Reinhard Gehlen

In March 1952, Kermit “Kim” Roosevelt, grandson of President Roosevelt, who headed the CIA Near East Operations, had begun a series of meetings with Nasser that led to the coup four months later. When Nasser wanted to overhaul Egypt’s secret service, he turned to the CIA. However, the U.S. government “found it highly impolitic to help [Nasser] directly,” Copeland recalled in his memoirs, so the CIA instead secretly bankrolled more than a hundred Nazi espionage and military experts to train Egyptian police and army units in the mid-1950s.[13]

Allen Dulles turned to Reinhard Gehlen, the most senior eastern front military intelligence officer, who, just before the end of WWII, had turned himself over to the U.S. In exchange for his extensive intelligence contacts in the USSR, Dulles and the OSS, reunited Gehlen with his Nazi associates, to establish “the Gehlen Organization”, which then functioned within the OSS, and later the CIA.[14]

Otto Skorzeny

Otto Skorzeny

Gehlen handpicked 350 former German army and SS officers who were released from internment camps. That number eventually grew into 4000 undercover agents, called V-men. The more notorious of these henchmen included Gestapo captain Klaus Barbie, otherwise known as the “Butcher of Lyon”, Alois Brunner, Adolf Eichmann’s right-hand man in orchestrating the Final Solution, and Emil Augsburg, who directed the Wansee Institute, where the Final Solution was formulated, and who served in a unit that specialized in the extermination of Jews. Another was the former Gestapo chief Heinrich Muller, Adolf Eichmann’s immediate superior, whose signature appears on orders written in 1943 for the deportation of 45,000 Jews to Auschwitz for killing.

By the early 1950s, Reinhard Gehlen was in charge of developing the new German intelligence service. To build Egypt’s spy and security forces, Gehlen hired the best man he knew for the job, former SS colonel Otto Skorzeny, who was described by the OSS, as “the most dangerous man in Europe”. It was Skorzeny who, at the end of the war, organized the infamous ODESSA network, the purpose of which was to establish and facilitate secret escape routes, called ratlines, out of Germany to South America and the Middle East for hunted members. With ties to Argentina, Egypt, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, and the Vatican, they operated out of Buenos Aires and helped Adolf Eichmann, Josef Mengele, Erich Priebke, Aribert Heim and many other war criminals find refuge in Latin America and the Middle East.

Licio Gelli

Licio Gelli

According to Nazi-hunter Serge Klarsfeld of Paris, it was the banking contacts of Francois Genoud that set in motion the ODESSA networks, which transferred millions of marks from Germany into Swiss banks.[15] According to European press accounts, Genoud was managing the hidden Swiss treasure of the Third Reich, most of which had been stolen from Jews.[16] Genoud later employed these funds to pick up the tab for the legal defense of Adolf Eichmann, Klaus Barbie, and Carlos the Jackal.

Genoud had traveled to Palestine on behalf of the Nazis, when Adolf Eichmann was providing financial assistance from the SS to al-Husseini, with whom he developed a lifelong a friendship. It is also likely that Genoud had some part al-Husseini’s escape from Europe, as he was a representative of the Swiss Red Cross at the end of the war.[17]

Bush Family Fortunes

Through the same ratlines, Dulles also orchestrated an opertion in Italy, known as “Stay-Behind”, to build a Europe wide secret network of anti-communist terrorists, who would fight behind the lines in the event of a Soviet invasion. The plan was later codified under the umbrella of the Clandestine Co-ordinating Committee of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE), the military arm of NATO. US planners worried over the growing influence of Italy’s large and popular communist party, established Operation “Gladio” in 1956. The name derived from the short sword used by Roman. In addition to the CIA, Gladio was also operated by the secret Masonic lodge “Propaganda Due”, also known as P2, headed by Licio Gelli, known as the “Puppet-master”. During the war, Gelli had been a member of Mussolini’s notorious “Black shirts”, and later acted as liaison officer to the Hermann Goering SS division.[18]

George Herbert Walker and Prescott Bush

George Herbert Walker

George Herbert Walker and Prescott Bush

Prescott Bush

Also involved in the Nazi smuggling operations was George Herbert Walker, maternal grandfather of George H. W. Bush. Walker was president of Union Banking Corporation, a firm that traded with Germany, and helped German industrialists consolidate Hitler’s political power. Union Banking became a Nazi money-laundering machine. Walker helped take over North American operations of Hamburg-Amerika Line, a shipping line and cover for I. G. Farben’s Nazi espionage unit in the United States. Hamburg-Amerika smuggled in German agents, and brought in money for bribing American politicians to support Hitler. Also, a 1934 congressional investigation showed that Hamburg-Amerika was subsidizing Nazi propaganda efforts in the U.S.[19]

George H.W. Bush’s father, Prescott, was a board member of Union Banking, and a senior partner in a Union Banking affiliate, the investment firm Brown Brothers, Harriman. Both E.R. Harriman and Prescott Bush were members of Yale university’s Skull and Bones society, which was the dominant American chapter of the international Brotherhood of Death secret societies, that included Germany’s Thule Society, later the Nazis. The Bush family are descendants of several prominent English families, like the Pierces and the Groverners, who trace their descent to the originally Breton Fitzalan family, a younger branch of which went on to become the Stuarts of Scotland, and therefore to the "Fisher Kings" of Britanny.[16]

However, the U.S. government investigated both Bert Walker and Prescott Bush, and under the Trading with the Enemy Act, seized all shares of Union Banking, including shares held by Prescott Bush, because “huge sections of Prescott Bush’s empire had been operated on behalf of Nazi Germany and had greatly assisted the German war effort.”[21]

Joseph Mengele

Joseph Mengele

The German chemical company I.G. Farben also directly financed Joseph Mengele’s experiments at Auschwitz.[22] In 1940-41, I.G. Farben built a gigantic factory at Auschwitz in Poland, to utilize the Standard Oil-IG Farben patents with concentration camp slave labor to make gasoline from coal. The SS, who were paid by Standard Oil funds, guarded the Jewish and other inmates and selected for killing those who were unfit for I.G. Farben slave labor.[23]

Mengele was among the hundreds of high-ranking Nazis which the US intelligence and military services extricated from Germany, during and after the final stages of World War II, known as Operation Paperclilp. Of particular interest were scientists specialising in aerodynamics and rocketry, such as those involved in the V-1 and V-2 projects, chemical weapons, chemical reaction technology and medicine. However, Christopher Simpson shows how the CIA hired former Nazis “for their expertise in propaganda and psychological warfare,” and other purposes.[24]

Scientists of Operation Paperclip

Scientists of Operation Paperclip

According to the author of Mind Control The Ultimate Terror, it was through Mengele that the MK-Ultra and Monarch programs were developed. The project was begun in the 1950s, and coordinated by the British psychological warfare unit called the Tavistock Institute, with the Scottish Rite Freemasons, the CIA, and other British, American, Canadian, and UN agencies.[25] The Tavistock Institute, formed at Oxford University, London, by the RIIA in 1922, became the Psychiatric Division of the British Army during World War II.[26]

The plan was to employ the age-old indoctrination methods of the Ismaili Assassins, to continue to create mind-controlled agent-provocaeurs, more commonly known as “terrorists”. In 1952, Dulles founded Banque Commerciale Arabe in Lausanne, Switzerland, representing a pact between the CIA and the Muslim Brotherhood, which is comprised of Saudi royal family members.[27] The bank was co-founded by a longtime British intelligence agent, Benoist Mechin, a protégé of Jack Philby.[28] Dean Henderson, author of Geopolitics: The Global Economy of Big Oil, Weapons and Drugs, summarizes the nature of this relationship:

The Manchurian Candidate

Part of this Faustian bargain may have involved the House of Saud chieftains providing information to US intelligence on how to create mind-controlled assassins. The Muslim Brotherhood claims to have first perfected this technique during the 11th century Crusades when it launched a brutal parallel secret society known as the Assassins, who employed mind-controlled “lone gunmen” to carry out political assassinations of Muslim Saracen nationalists. The Assassins worked in concert with Knights Templar Christian invaders in their attacks on progressive Arabs, but were repelled.[29]

The ostensible reason for MK-Ultra, incepted by then director of the CIA, Dulles, in 1953, was to counteract the mind-control capabilities of the communists. This concern was largely based on the fact that U.S. prisoners captured during the Korean War were coerced into signing false confessions of crimes, and some had defected to North Korea, because of the effects of brainwashing. However, The Manchurian Candidate, a 1959 book, which was made into a movie in 1962, explains the true intended purpose. The film features a communist plot to use a U.S. soldier brainwashed in Manchuria to assassinate the leading U.S. presidential candidate. The CIA would employ the expertise of former Nazis in mind-control to program assassins for home-grown operations, but ultimately, members of Islamic fundamentalist groups to carry out acts of terrorism.

The Nasser Crackdown

Nasser and Krushchev

Nasser and Krushchev

With Skorzeny now on the job of assisting Nasser, Egypt became a safe haven for Nazi war criminals.[30] Ultimately, the Free Officers coup was the work of many foreign intelligence agencies, though especially the British, French and American, in collusion with the Muslim Brotherhood. However, tensions eventually grew between the Free Officers and the Brotherhood. Nasser emerged in 1954, naming himself prime minister, and when his government moved towards a confrontation with the British, the Brotherhood was directed to wage war against him. To that effect, the Brotherhood received assistance from Israeli intelligence, for which reason, among others, it was accused by Al Ahram, and other Egyptian press, as being the tool of imperialists “and the Zionists”.[31]

So when Nasser threatened to nationalize the Suez Canal, so important as a conduit for oil cargo to Europe and elsewhere, the Rothschilds employed their assassins from the Muslim Brotherhood against him. The Rothschilds had maintained an interest in the canal, ever since Baron Lionel de Rothschild financed his friend’s Bejamin Disraeli’s purchase of the canal for the British government in 1875.

When Brotherhood members fired shots at Egyptian leader Gamal Abdun Nasser in 1954, the group was forcibly suppressed by the government, with thousands of members being imprisoned. Six of its leaders were tried and executed for treason, and many others were imprisoned. Interrogations revealed that the Muslim Brotherhood functioned virtually as a German Intelligence unit. As well, as divulged by Copeland:

Nor was that all. Sound beatings of the Moslem Brotherhood organizers who had been arrested revealed that the organization had been thoroughly penetrated, at the top, by the British, American, French and Soviet intelligence services, any one of which could either make active use of it or blow it up, whichever best suited its purposes. Important lesson: fanaticism is no insurance against corruption; indeed, the two are highly compatible.[32]

The Suez Canal

The CIA also became concerned over his leanings towards the Soviet Union. Great Britain and the United States had originally agreed to help finance the first stage of the Nasser’s Aswan High Dam project. Although, in 1956, the U.S. secretary of state, John Foster Dulles, canceled the U.S. offer, and the next day Britain followed suit. Five days later, Nasser announced the nationalization of the Suez Canal, promising that the tolls Egypt collected would in five years pay for the dam.

In response to Nasser’s nationalization of the Canal, the United Kingdom and France, with the help of Israel, invaded the Sinai and much of Port Said, sending the Egyptian military into retreat. However, due to pressure from both the United States and the Soviet Union, the British and the French had to withdraw. Though Israel did achieve the cessation of Egyptian raids, Nasser was hailed as having achieved a victory for the Arab world.

Fleeing members of the Muslim Brotherhood were then shuttled to the CIA’s ally, Saudi Arabia. When John Loftus, a Justice Department official in the eighties, was permitted to peruse classified government documents, he revealed that the British Secret Service convinced American intelligence that the Arab Nazis of the Muslim Brotherhood would be indispensable as “freedom fighters” in preparation for the next major war, which was anticipated against the Soviet Union. Kim Philby, the Soviet agent who infiltrated the British Secret Service, and the son of “Abdullah” Philby, helped the US acquire these Arab Nazis, then being expelled from Egypt, who were afterwards sent to Saudi Arabia. There, according to Loftus, “they were given jobs as religion education instructors.”[33]

Said Ramadan

Said Ramadan

Sayyid Abu Ala Maududi

Sayyid Abu
Ala Maududi

Thus, beginning in the 1960s, the Salafi became more formally allied to the Wahhabis, who became the principal patrons of the Brotherhood, which set up branches in most Arab states. With the CIA’s tacit approval, the Saudis provided funds for Brotherhood members who joined the anti-Nasser insurgency in Yemen in 1962. “Like any other truly effective covert action, this one was strictly off the books,” wrote Robert Baer, a nineteen-year veteran of the CIA, in Sleeping with the Devil. “There was no CIA funding, no memorandum of notification to Congress. Not a penny came out of the Treasury to fund it. In other words, no record.” Describing the Brotherhood as a “silent ally” that provided a “cheap no-American casualties way” to do “our dirty work in Yemen, Afghanistan, and plenty of other places,” Baer explained, “All the White House had to do was give a wink and a nod to countries harboring the Muslim Brothers.”[34]

In 1962, with CIA encouragement, the Saudis established an organization called the Muslim World League.[35] Underwritten initially by several donors, including Aramco, then a CIA collaborator, the League established a powerful international presence, with representatives in 120 countries.[36] It was headed by then chief Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Mohammed ibn Ibrahim Al al-Sheikh, a lineal descendant of Mohammed ibn Abdul Wahhab, and the presidency remains vested in the Saudi Mufti to this day.

Included among its eight members were important representatives of the Salafi Muslim Brotherhood: Said Ramadan, son-in-law of Hasan al Banna, Maulana Abul Ala Maududi, leader of Brotherhood offshoot, the Jamati Islami of Pakistan, and Maulana Abul Hasan Nadvi, of India. “Moreover”, as Abul El Fadl describes,

...the proponents of Wahhabism refused to be labeled or categorized as the followers of any particular figure including ‘Abd al-Wahhab himself. Its proponents insisted that they were simply abiding by the dictates of al-salaf al-salih (the rightly-guided predecessors, namely the Prophet and his companions), and in doing so, Wahhabis were able to appropriate the symbolism and categories of Salafism.[37]

Nevertheless, as El Fadl mentions, “even with the formation of the Saudi state, Wahhabism remained a creed of limited influence until the mid-1970’s when the sharp rise in oil prices, together with aggressive Saudi proselytizing, dramatically contributed to its wide dissemination in the Muslim world.”[38] This opportunity presented itself in 1967, when Israeli forces routed a coalition of Arab states, including Saudi Arabia, in the Six Day War. Israel then seized control of Jerusalem, the West Bank of the Jordan River, the Gaza Strip, the Sinai Peninsula, and the Golan Heights. In consequence, a summit of Arab leaders met, who resolved to employ their oil wealth to help confront Israel.

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